International Maritime Legislation Regulating Military Operations and Activities at Sea

Abstract

Military activities and naval operations conducted in oceans and maritime zones in peacetime are characterized by a variety of functions normally performed by navy vessels. First and foremost, military vessels have the legal authority to control the legal compliance of national subjects that perform their activities in maritime zones under state jurisdiction. In addition, military vessels ensure the inviolability of the integrity of territorial waters, which are legally considered part of the territorial integrity of the state, from attacks or armed conflicts. Furthermore, military and naval vessels often engage in maneuvers and combat exercises in international waters, which have a substantial impact on the freedom of navigation of foreign ships in the region, and often have a negative effect on the relations of the state carrying out these activities with other coastal states, which may feel threatened by foreign military presence. The third function ties in with Lord Grey’s saying that diplomacy without military force is like an orchestra without musical instruments, whish especially refers to powerful maritime states using military vessels to demonstrate their influence and power in the international stage. In terms of maritime law and legislative jurisdiction, analyzing the operation and activities of military vessels is of utmost importance as they promote maritime security on the one hand, but can also lead to regional and global conflict. In the light of these considerations, this study analyzes both the naval operations and activities of military vessels in oceans and maritime zones which are considered strategically important for the national interests and security of coastal states, and their potential impact on international maritime law, the international system, and potential maritime conflicts.